(WAN) stands for Wide Area Network; computer networks to link cover a broad area, which is used to link traverse metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries. There are many other networks like personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), campus area networks (CANs), or metropolitan area networks (MANs), but they are used in a limited boundary, town, building or room, whereas the area of wide area network is huge.
WANs are employed in order to be attached with LANs and other variety of arrangement of networks/connections collectively, so that the users and computers in one place can be facilitated via communication with consumers, and computers in other areas. Numerous WANs are accessible to one distinct association functioning confidentially. Others constructed by ISPs grant acquaintances from LAN of an association to the Internet. Numerous alternatives of WAN connectivity have been put forth for evaluation.
Leased lines consist of Point-to-Point association among two computers or Local Area Networks (LANs). Benefit of this WAN is that it is completely protected yet its high priced feature cannot be overlooked. Accessible set of rules are PPP, HDLC, SDLC, and HNAS.
Leased Line These lines include Point-to-Point connection between two computers or Local Area Networks (LANs). Advantage of this WAN is that it is absolutely secure, but on the other hand, it is much expensive as well. Available protocols are PPP, HDLC, SDLC, and HNAS
Circuit Switching It is another option available in (WAN). A devoted circuit path is created between end points. An excellent example is dialup connections. It is relatively less expensive. The broadband range of this option is 28 – 144 kbps. Available protocols include PPP, ISDN.
Packet Switching In this network, devices transport packets via a shared single point-to-point or point-to-multipoint link across a carrier internetwork. Changeable length packets are transmitted over Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC) or Switched Virtual Circuits (SVC). It can Share media across link. The available protocol in this option is X.25 Frame-Relay.
Cell Relay Call relay is Similar to packet switching, but uses fixed length cells instead of variable length packets. Data is alienated into fixed-length cells, and after that it is transported across virtual circuits. It is best for simultaneous use of voice and data, the overhead of call relay can be considerable, and an example of protocol in the market is atm.
Usually, WANs are often built using leased lines. At each edge of the leased line, a router connects to the LAN on one side and a hub within the WAN on the other. In spite of using leased lines, WANs can also be established using a little costly circuit switching or packet switching mode. Network protocols include TCP/IP that deliver transport and addressing tasks. Protocols including Packet over Sonet/SDH, MPLS, ATM and frame relay are often used by service providers to drive the links that are used in WANs. X.25 was the major early WAN protocol, and is often known as the grandfather of frame relay as many of the underlying protocols and functions of X.25 are available in this modern era by frame relay.
These wide area network communications include instant messages, emails, real time auctions, online order placing etc. These can minimize cost for companies by eliminating the need for travel and expensive long distance phone calls.
It also helps to improve employee out by increasing and speeding up work applications. WAN is also used for enhancing the performance levels of the employees.
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